Transport in Japan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. A JR East E5 series shinkansen train. Transportation in Japan is modern and highly developed. Japan's transportation sector stands out for its energy efficiency: it uses less energy per person compared to other countries, thanks to a high share of rail transportation and low overall travel distances.[1] Transportation in Japan is also very expensive in international comparison, reflecting high tolls and taxes, particularly on automobile transport.[2]Japan's spending on roads has been large.[3] The 1. Japan has left- hand traffic.
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A single network of high- speed, divided, limited- access toll roads connects major cities, which are operated by toll- collecting enterprises. Dozens of Japanese railway companies compete in regional and local passenger transportation markets; for instance, seven JR Group companies, Kintetsu Corporation, Seibu Railway, and Keio Corporation. Often, strategies of these enterprises contain real estate or department stores next to stations. Some 2. 50 high- speed Shinkansen trains connect major cities. All trains are known for punctuality. There are 1. 76 airports,[5] and the largest domestic airport, Haneda Airport, is Asia's busiest airport.
Development. The development of the Macintosh 'Systems' up to System 6 followed a fairly smooth progression with the addition of new features and relatively small.
A Graphical User Interface (GUI for short) allows users to interact with the computer hardware in a user friendly way. Over the years a range of GUI’s have been. In 2013 Japan had the fourth largest passenger air market in the world with 105,913,000 passengers. [11] In 2012 Japan has 98 airports. [12] The main international.
The largest international gateways are Narita International Airport (Tokyo area), Kansai International Airport (Osaka/Kobe/Kyoto area), and Chūbu Centrair International Airport (Nagoya area). The largest ports include Nagoya Port. In Japan, railways are a major means of passenger transportation, especially for mass and high- speed transport between major cities and for commuter transport in metropolitan areas. Seven Japan Railways Group companies, state- owned until 1. Japan. There also are railway services operated by private rail companies, regional governments, and companies funded by both regional governments and private companies. Total railways of 2.
Fukuoka, Kobe, Kyoto, Nagoya, Osaka, Sapporo, Sendai, Tokyo, and Yokohama have subway systems. Most Japanese people traveled on foot until the later part of the 1. The first railway was built between Tokyo and Yokohama in 1. Japan, as we know it today, is home to one of the world's most developed transportation networks. Mass transportation is well developed in Japan, but the road system lags behind and is inadequate for the number of cars owned in Japan. This is often attributed to the fact that road construction is difficult in Japan because of its uniquely high population density, and the limited amount of available usable land for road construction. Shinkansen, or "bullet trains", as they are often known, are the high speed trains in Japan, which run on completely separate lines from their commuting train counterparts, with few exceptions.
Shinkansen take up a large portion of the long distance travel in Japan, as about 2. Shinkansen trains operate daily, the fastest being the JR East E5 and E6 series trains, which operate at a maximum speed of 3. Shinkansen trains are known to be very punctual, following suit with all other Japanese transportation; in 2. Tokaido Shinkansen was a mere 6 seconds.[7]According to Japan Statistical Yearbook 2. Japan in April 2. The Foreign Press Center/Japan cites a total length of expressways at 7,6. A single network of high- speed, divided, limited- access toll roads connects major cities on Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu.
Hokkaido has a separate network, and Okinawa Island has a highway of this type. In the year 2. 00. Japan Highway Public Corporation, have been transformed into private companies in public ownership, and there are plans to sell parts of them. The aim of this policy is to encourage competition and decrease tolls. Road passenger and freight transport expanded considerably during the 1.
Bus companies including the JR Bus companies operate long- distance bus service on the nation's expanding expressway network. In addition to relatively low fares and deluxe seating, the buses are well utilized because they continue service during the night, when air and train service is limited.
The cargo sector grew rapidly in the 1. The freight handled by motor vehicles, mainly trucks, in 1.
Recent large infrastructure projects were the construction of the Great Seto Bridge and the Tokyo Bay Aqua- Line (opened 1. Although road fatalities have been decreasing due in part to stricter enforcement of drink driving laws, 2. Japanese roads. In 2. Japan had the fourth largest passenger air market in the world with 1. In 2. 01. 2 Japan has 9. The main international gateways are Narita International Airport (Tokyo area), Kansai International Airport (Osaka/Kobe/Kyoto area), and Chūbu Centrair International Airport (Nagoya area). The main domestic hub is Tokyo International Airport (Haneda Airport), Asia's busiest airport and the world's 4th busiest airport; other major traffic hubs include Osaka International Airport, New Chitose Airport outside Sapporo, and Fukuoka Airport.
The two main airlines are Japan Airlines and All Nippon Airways. Other passenger carriers include Skymark Airlines, Skynet Asia Airways, Air Do, Star Flyer and Fuji Dream Airlines. United Airlines and Delta Air Lines, formerly Northwest Airlines, are major international operators from Narita Airport.
Domestic air travel in Japan has historically been highly regulated. From 1. 97. 2, the three major domestic airlines (JAL, ANA, and JAS) were allocated certain routes, with JAL and ANA sharing trunk routes, and ANA and JAS sharing local feeder routes. JAL and JAS have since been merged to help compete with ANA. JAL also had a flag- carrier monopoly on international routes until 1. Airfares were set by the government until 2.
Today, fares can be set by carriers, but the government retains the ability to veto fares that are impermissibly high. Waterways[edit]There are 1. Japan; seagoing craft ply all coastal inland seas.[citation needed]There are some 9. Japan as of April 2. There are overlapping classifications of these ports, some of which are multi- purpose, e.
The 5 designated "super" container ports are: Yokkaichi, Yokohama, Nagoya, Kobe and Osaka. The twenty- three major seaports designated as special important ports by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism : Chiba, Fushiki/Toyama, Himeji, Hiroshima, Kawasaki, Kitakyūshū, Kobe, Kudamatsu, Muroran, Nagoya, Niigata, Osaka, Sakai/Senpoku, Sendai/Shiogama, Shimizu, Shimonoseki, Tokyo, Tomakomai, Wakayama, Yokkaichi, and Yokohama. Japan has 6. 62 ships with a volume of 1,0. GRT) or over, totaling 1. GRT) or 1. 8,0. 24,9.
DWT). There are 1. Ferries connect Hokkaido to Honshu, and Okinawa Island to Kyushu and Honshu. They also connect other smaller islands and the main islands. The scheduled international passenger routes are to China, Russia, South Korea and Taiwan.
Coastal and cross- channel ferries on the main islands decreased in routes and frequencies following the development of bridges and expressways but some are still operating (as of 2. Pipelines[edit]Japan has 8. By region[edit]References[edit]^Phillip Y.
Lipscy and Lee Schipper, "Energy Efficiency in the Japanese Transport Sector", 2. Energy Policy 5. 6: 2. Phillip Y. Lipscy, "A Casualty of Political Transformation?
The Politics of Japanese Energy Efficiency in the Transportation Sector", 2. Journal of East Asian Studies 1. Japan's Road to Deep Deficit Is Paved With Public Works, New York Times in 1. Chapter 9 Transport, Statistical Handbook of Japan^[1] The CIA World Factbook^The CIA World Factbook^The Japan Times: "Tokaido Shinkansen Line fetes 4. October 2. 00. 4).
Retrieved on 2. 7 April 2. Chapter 1. 2 Transport - Microsoft Excel Sheet, Statistical Handbook of Japan^http: //www. Facts and Figures of Japan, 1. Transport, Foreign Press Center/Japan^World Bank Datebase, http: //data. IS. AIR. PSGR^[2]Archived July 2. Wayback Machine^http: //www.
External links[edit]Hyperdia - Travel planning tool supporting English and Japanese. Jorudan - Travel planning tool supporting English and Japanese. Toei Transportation Information - English information on Toei bus, subway, and trolley services and multilingual maps.
Domestic aviation in Japan: Responding to market forces amid regulatory constraints. Japan Automobile Research Institute (JARI)Roads In Japan, from Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) - English and Japanese website, link refers specifically to 5 PDF chapters - as well as a reference chapter - on road history, statistics, maps, construction and advanced road technologies in Japan (graphics throughout, 4.